Although visual communication can be artistic, it's harmony is often affected by mathematical order and proportions. The fibbonancci sequence and the golden ratio are mathematical proportions commonly found in nature and art that when applied produce pleasing and balanced work. The golden ratio is 1= 1.618033987. This proportion is also expressed as the fibbonancci sequence when the preceding number in the sequence is the sum of the past two numbers. For example 1,1,2,3,5,8. Artists, designers, architects and god (debatably) have been using these proportions since the dawn of time.
In graphic design, using an underlying modular grid system can help structure proportions and order either in respect to the golden ration/ fibbonancci sequence or a proportion of the designers creation. Either way, the human eye will naturally look for patterns and consistency when intaking information. When organizing large amounts of information, placing similar information like the page number, title and subheading gives a large body of text structure and order that will make it easier for the reader to find information. A modular grid helps to maintain stable proportions and alignment when organizing content.
Using a grid and pleasing structured proportions will be a safe choice when designing a piece. However, "going off the grid" can produce surprising and pleasing results. Some designers choose to defy the grid and succeed, or just plain fail.
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